In the weeks following the 21 December 1988 terrorist attack on Pan Am
flight 103, a design team of four individuals in Dallas, Texas undertook
the development of a prototype machine that would detect destructive devices
that have since come to be referred to as Lockerbie type devices.
"Lockerbie type
devices" as commonly referred to, are altitude initiated timing devices
wherein the electric timing circuit for the firing and fusing mechanism
is activated once the airplane reaches a pre-determined altitude.
A Dallas Police Officer
originated the concept for this detector. A FBI-trained bomb technician,
he was assigned to the City of Dallas Explosive Ordnance Unit. The design
effort was a success and a proof-of-concept, pre-production engineering
model was produced.
The detector is used
to check suspect items found in checked luggage. It was designed for use
in conjunction with x-ray machines and explosive sniffers.
The detector detects
a Lockerbie type device in the following manner:
- A suspect item
to be checked is placed into a blast-certified steel containment vessel
containing an extremely sensitive antenna array.
- The detector door
is closed to seal the vessel at normal atmospheric pressure.
- The object is scanned,
while at normal atmospheric pressure, to determine if there are any
electrical emissions from the item being checked.
- The air in the
vessel is evacuated or reduced to duplicate the conditions of an aircraft
cargo hold at altitude.
- The item is continually
scanned, while the vessel is being evacuated, for changes in the electrical
signature from the item which are the result of the item being subjected
to the change in atmospheric pressure.
- If there are
any changes in the electrical emissions of the suspect item between
normal atmospheric pressure and a simulated altitude, then a Lockerbie
type device has been indicated within the suspect item.
- Since the machine
detects the electrical emissions of the firing and fusing mechanism
while activated by the change in atmospheric pressure, it is not dependent
upon the type or quantity of the explosive used.
The proof of concept
prototype machine was demonstrated to members of the FBI Bomb Data Center
in Washington on 15 December 1989.
The device was awarded U.S. and international patents in 1992. The proof
of concept engineering model is currently located at an established engineering
and manufacturing facility in the Dallas / Ft Worth area near DFW airport.
The technology is being demonstrated to the local media and was featured
on a KDFW FOX 4 news broadcast on December 29, 2001. The engineering model
is available for viewing upon request.